
Anil Gupta. Honey Bee's how to find sources of innovation in people and in unexpected places can be useful to France and European countries to overcome the crisis, must reinvent itself quickly and frugally, taking into account budgetary constraints. When twenty-five years ago, we started this exploration of ideas, solutions and innovations in rural India, nobody is interested, let alone innovation specialists who organize public research or private. Governments do not realize that they are missing out on a vast reservoir of creativity. As if the poor are economically, they are not in knowledge. Their ideas can push the boundaries of science and technology. Better, we can learn new ways of thinking and solving problems. With no material resources, they maximize what they have in abundance: the imagination. The brains margin are not marginal brain. In other words, if you want to become a resource-efficient economy and productive ideas, you need to learn from these people.
Precisely, we too often think that great ideas come only large companies, major laboratories, etc.. This is true for infrastructure and major equipment. But finding a robust and inexpensive solution to help an elderly person climbing stairs, that a kid can do it. It is not to erect informal innovation in autonomous system. We seek instead to connect traditional knowledge with modern science. For example, the villages have developed for their own consumption of healthy food and very inexpensive but the market can not deliver in the state. Science we need to increase their shelf life. That is why we have signed agreements with the Indian Council of Medical Research and the scientific research and industrial applications. For it is by connecting the best innovations in the field with the best science that we produce technology and durable goods. This is a very new that nobody had yet developed a large scale as we did with our database and some 160,000 current projects.
Not to this day. But we are quite willing. We have, for example, in our base a small company that designs local food, agricultural herbicides, creams, nourishing, healing, anti-mosquito. We would be delighted to contract with a major pharmaceutical company subject to take into consideration these innovators, informed of project progress and lends a share of profits. We believe in international property rights individual! We filed 509 patents and licensed technologies 64 to 78 entrepreneurs. For their benefit we launched with SCID, the Indian public bank for SMEs, a venture fund MicroCapital with 1 million may invest up to 30 thousand dollars in projects. But we also created the concept of technology commons [the creative commons model, extension of copyright for distribution free under certain conditions, Ed]: individuals can copy them by against companies must pay royalties. To last, our societies will increasingly rely on the notion of communal ownership. We need private goods and public goods, but also communal property.
The most interesting thing for them is to understand how these products have been designed and engineered so cheaply. This often makes analogical reasoning: for example, a farmer sees a sieve collector peanuts and a village on the coast adapts to clean the beaches. Companies can especially learn how to release unnecessary constraints. Procedures of modern science sometimes think that there is only one way to optimize materials costs and the life of a product. So you manufacture bicycles designed to last five years and cost 500 euros. Made with recycled materials, they only last a year but would cost 50 euros over five years the expenditure is divided by two. The modern science and technology have even higher expectations in terms of complexity. We do not know just thinking. I know an old lady who wants a laptop with just three buttons, one for each of his children call. Why offer him more complicated? We pay 250 for Windows offers features not only use 20%. Why not propose tariff escalation as needed to use? This complexity is neither sustainable nor ethical. We have developed innovative compressed air motors whose consumption costs less than five cents per kilometer, refrigerators terracotta consume zero electricity, non-stick coatings for pots and pans returning five dollars!
We propose the exact opposite. He wanted that large companies can sell to the poor. Us, they would buy them. People who are at the bottom of the economic pyramid are not at the bottom of the pyramid of knowledge, or at the bottom of the innovation, and even less at the bottom of the Ethics. We are not the bottom of the pyramid, but the tip of the iceberg. Rather than talking about "BOP" [bottom of the pyramid], I would prefer to say "YOU" [tip of the iceberg]. The real development is to increase the capacity of individuals rather than decrease.
Grand-son of a Hindu monk reformer. PhD in Innovation Management and professor at the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (Gujarat). Founded in 1985 the Honey Bee Lance Network1993 the Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions (Sristi, www. SRISTI. Org), Ahmedabad. 1997 Creates Grassroots Innovation Augmentation Network (GIAN, www. Gian. Org) 2000 Establishes the National Innovation Foundation (NIF, www. Nifindia. Org) with the Indian Ministry of Science and Technology.
Support logistiqueAssuré by the NGO Sristi (Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions), based in Ahmedabad (Gujarat). www. SRISTI. orgCommercialisation brevetsGérés and the NIF (National Innovation Foundation). Since 2000, 550 patents were registered, including 35 in India and four in the United States. Database 160 000 innovative projects. www. nifindia. orgIncubateurRôle provided by GIAN (Grassroots Innovation Augmentation Network), an NGO mainly present in northern and western India. Based in Ahmedabad and Jaipur. www. gian. orgFinancementLe venture capital funds MVIF (Micro Venture Innovation Fund) invests in more than 160 projects in various stages of incubation. www. nif. org. in / mvif_bdRelais technologiqueLe Techpedia portal lists over 100000 projects jointly carried out by SMEs and technology students from 500 universities. www. techpedia. in